Project Overview

Located at Longcheng Sub-district of Longgang District in Shenzhen City, this project has a plot area of 5,187.09m2. The plot is in square shape. The south side of the fire station is adjacent to Yuhu Shanpan, a high-rise residential community, and the east side to a factory. As positioned to be a special fire station, it possesses a gross floor area of 6,914.5m2, and a ground floor area of 5,520m2, accommodating a 4-storey squadron operation building and an 8-storey training tower. The basement covers a floor area of 1,391.54m2. The project occupies a plot ratio of 1.06. The building height shall not exceed 24m (excluding training tower).

Project Commissioner

Public Works Bureau of Longgang District of Shenzhen Municipality

Project Creator

The Institute of Architecture Design & Research, Shenzhen University

Team

Zhong Zhong, Ma Yue, Zhong Botao, Yang Qingwen, Zhong Haihuan, Li Xiaobo, Zhang Zhengguo, Wang Zhigang, Xie Rong, Xiong Feng, Han Guoyuan, Wu Zirong, Chen Ailian, Wang Wei

Project Brief

Based on the Design Brief, the project should be designed according to the research results of “2014 Shenzhen Fire Station Standardization Design Workshop”. The experience of this project will be utilized to establish construction standards on fire stations in Shenzhen, to satisfy the requirements of building more fire stations, and to provide reference for domestic construction of fire stations. The design shall ensure smooth function of a fire station, such as being instant response to emergency and duty-calls, conducting training, living and leisure activities, encouraging future professional development, allowing openness to the public and spreading fire protection culture. The requirements on standardized design & construction and green buildings construction (one-star) shall be complied.
The fire engines leave the station via an exit nearby the street. The entrance and exit for visitors lies in the south of the site. The first floor and the mezzanine are open for the public to visit. A departure square lies in front of the garage, the first floor of which has an entrance hall, canteen, equipment warehouse, etc., the second floor has preparation room, cadre office and squadron office, etc., equipped with a washing room and a shower room on the north, the third and fourth floors have operation office and facilities storage, the basement has a floor area of 1,391.51m2 (excluding capacity), functioning as an emergency rescue warehouse and equipment room. Its entrance lies at the northeast corner. Hanging gardens are set in many places to enrich the lives of firefighters.

Project Innovation/Need

1. The project is an actual practice and realization of the research results summarized by “2014 Shenzhen Fire Station Standardization Design Workshop”.
2. Due to the limited floor area, the project adopted a centralized layout to meet the requirements of this particular fire station.
3. That fire engines leave the station via an exit nearby the street greatly improves response efficiency.
4. The mezzanine functions as a space for citizens to visit, and keeps the visitors and firefighters’ training isolated from disturbing.
5. A rooftop orchard where vegetables and fruits are planted enriches firefighters’ lives.

Design Challenge

1. Building setback: Due to the limited floor area, full compliance with regulations on setback lines can’t be assured. After thorough communication with planning bureau, a reasonable solution was achieved: to set back 1.8m on the east, 15.0m on the south, 2.2m on the west, and 35.5m on the north. Therefore, the fire station and sports field are arranged reasonably to adapt the limited land.
2. Fire engine leaving the station via an exit nearby the street greatly improves response efficiency, yet affects municipal traffic and needs to be solved.
3. The cultural and sports center on the west has noise interference to the station. High-voltage lines lie on the northeast, refined oil and high-pressure gas facilities on the north, so the team placed the buildings on the south and the center on the north to secure safety.
4. Internal and external circulations: Visitors access through the entrance and exit at the southeast corner. Open area lies on 1F and 2F. Visitors can take a glance at the garage through the connecting corridor in the mezzanine, in which way the daily training and attendance of firefighters can be ensured from disturbance.
5. The plot is adjacent to Yishan Road on the south, where lies the main entrance and exit. The buildings are basically as high as Yishan Road. The internal elevation is slightly higher than that of the municipal road, effectively prevents rainwater from decanting. The master plan meets the requirements on setback lines, sunlight, fire prevention and other aspects.

Sustainability

1. Architecture: The building adopts simple shape and minimalist style. Beyond functional members (such as sunshades, view-blocking plates, etc.), it does not apply a large number of useless decorative members (like overhanging panels, grids and frames, etc.). By combining overall planning, reasonable layout with the shape of the buildings, the team ensured better natural ventilation and daylight effect of this station. Appealing scenes are invited in through the windows while keeping the view of other rooms from interference. All envelope walls are made of aerated concrete or reinforced concrete. The exterior windows adopt ordinary aluminum alloy frames plus Low-E insulating glass.
2. Materials: Exterior windows are made of Low-E energy-saving glass and thermal mortar. The problem of roof insulation is solved through the use of 50 extruded polystyrene panels. All envelope walls are made of aerated concrete or reinforced concrete.
3. Water supply and drainage: High-efficient and variable frequency pump set, certified as A-class energy efficient, is adopted to save energy and provide social benefits. Septic tank and grease trap is comprised of integrated equipment like glass fiber reinforced plastics, to ensure good sanitation. The water heating system applies the combination of solar energy and air source heat pump.
4. Electricity: The project adopts energy-saving transformers and lamps. The lighting in stairs is controlled by induction sensors, and the exhaust fan responses to timing control.
5. HVAC: To save energy and improve social benefits, all the multi-split air conditioners are A-class energy efficient products.

Architecture - Public and Institutional - International

This award celebrates the design process and product of planning, designing and constructing form, space and ambience that reflect functional, technical, social, and aesthetic considerations. Consideration given for material selection, technology, light and shadow. 
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